Table 2 Multinomial regression models predicting the exclusion from home ownership (rent-free versus homeowners)

Gender

Man (ref.)

Woman

0.291***

0.288***

0.165*

0.090

Country

Italy (ref.)

Austria

0.853***

1.238***

1.295***

Germany

−0.051

0.257**

0.356***

Sweden

1.559***

1.922***

2.003***

Netherlands

−1.585***

−1.239***

−1.157***

Spain

−1.238***

−1.292***

−1.279***

France

−0.798***

−0.542***

−0.474***

Denmark

−0.04

0.448***

0.532***

Switzerland

−0.404***

0.120

0.179

Belgium

−0.555***

−0.211**

−0.143**

Czech Republic

1.289***

1.471***

1.551***

Poland

0.907***

0.925***

0.932***

Hungary

0.201***

0.209***

0.205**

Portugal

0.105***

0.014

0.095**

Slovenia

0.135**

0.302***

0.278***

Estonia

0.400***

0.404***

0.396***

Area of residence

Urban (ref.)

Rural

0.320

0.199

0.196

Age group

50–59 (ref.)

60–69

0.185

0.252

70+

0.669***

0.702***

Education

Primary (ref.)

Secondary

−0.237

−0.226

Tertiary

−0.440***

−0.429***

Self-rated health

Poor (ref.)

Fair

−0.109***

−0.085***

Good

−0.201*

−0.182

Very good

−0.592***

−0.573***

Excellent

−0.559**

−0.534*

Income

−0.748***

−0.718***

Household composition

Couple alone (ref.)

Ego alone

0.721***

With family/with others

0.526***

Constant

−2.581***

−2.781***

−1.594***

−2.217***

Number

54,576

54,576

54,576

54,576

BIC

77,588

70,230

67,679

66,408