| |
Italy
|
Denmark
|
USA
|
|---|
|
Years
|
Percent
|
Years
|
Percent
|
Years
|
Percent
|
|---|
|
Men
|
|
Total difference in e30
|
5.1
|
100.0
|
4.2
|
100.0
|
3.8
|
100.0
|
|
M effect (mortality)
|
4.0
|
78.8
|
3.2
|
78.1
|
3.2
|
83.6
|
|
Low education
|
2.9
|
57.9
|
1.4
|
34.6
|
0.3
|
8.6
|
|
Medium education
|
0.8
|
15.9
|
1.2
|
28.3
|
1.9
|
48.4
|
|
High education
|
0.3
|
5.0
|
0.6
|
15.2
|
1.0
|
26.6
|
|
P effect (structure)
|
1.1
|
21.2
|
1.0
|
21.9
|
0.6
|
16.4
|
|
Women
|
|
Total difference in e30
|
3.6
|
100.0
|
2.9
|
100.0
|
1.9
|
100.0
|
|
M effect (mortality)
|
2.9
|
80.4
|
1.8
|
60.5
|
1.5
|
79.0
|
|
Low education
|
2.4
|
67.7
|
0.8
|
26.4
|
− 0.2
|
− 10.0
|
|
Medium education
|
0.3
|
8.9
|
0.7
|
23.1
|
1.2
|
62.5
|
|
High education
|
0.2
|
3.8
|
0.3
|
11.0
|
0.5
|
26.5
|
|
P effect (structure)
|
0.7
|
19.6
|
1.1
|
39.5
|
0.4
|
21.0
|
|
Both sexes
|
|
Total difference in e30
|
4.4
|
100.0
|
3.6
|
100.0
|
2.8
|
100.0
|
|
M effect (mortality)
|
3.5
|
80.1
|
2.7
|
75.6
|
2.3
|
80.9
|
|
Low education
|
2.7
|
61.5
|
1.2
|
33.4
|
0.0
|
1.3
|
|
Medium education
|
0.6
|
13.5
|
1.0
|
27.1
|
1.5
|
51.5
|
|
High education
|
0.2
|
5.1
|
0.5
|
15.1
|
0.8
|
28.1
|
|
P effect (structure)
|
0.9
|
19.9
|
0.9
|
24.4
|
0.5
|
19.1
|
- Source: authors’ own calculations; the data sources for the three populations can be found in the “Data” section
- Note: Results in percent are derived from exact changes (in years) and may not correspond to percentages of rounded values; decimals may be adjusted to add up to total values
