Fig. 2

Results from Model 4: predicted probabilities of not moving abroad during PhD studies according to parental education, mother’s economic activity and father’s social class. CI 83%. Source: Istat Survey on occupational conditions of Italian PhD holders. Years 2014 and 2018. Note: To estimate predicted probabilities, the family background covariate under control is allowed to vary, whilst the remaining family background covariates, as well as controls (student gender, scholarship availability, year of PhD defence, macro-area of athenaeum, if the university is outside student’s region of residence, field of study), are kept at the mean value