Journal of Population Sciences
Sub-region/country | Isolation capacity | Presence of older persons | Wealth indexa | Education: Household headb | Residence | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average | Rich | Primary | Secondary+ | Urban vs. rural | |||
Western Africa | |||||||
Benin | 1.28 (1.13–1.45) | 1.09 (0.94–1.28) | 1.31 (1.06–1.62) | 2.41 (1.87–3.11) | 1.27 (1.07–1.50) | 2.20 (1.87–2.59) | 1.20 (0.93–1.53) |
Guinea | 1.07 (0.94–1.22) | 0.81 (0.71–0.93) | 1.68 (1.40–2.03) | 2.86 (2.12–3.83) | 1.09 (0.88–1.34) | 1.49 (1.27–1.75) | 1.48 (1.04–2.10) |
Mali | 1.23 (1.09–1.39) | 1.04 (0.90–1.20) | 1.76 (1.45–2.14) | 6.59 (5.05–8.60) | 1.15 (0.96–1.38) | 1.82 (1.56–2.12) | 1.07 (0.75–1.52) |
Nigeria | 1.05 (0.99–1.13) | 1.12 (1.03–1.22) | 1.93 (1.68–2.21) | 4.80 (4.06–5.66) | 1.26 (1.13–1.41) | 1.75 (1.57–1.94) | 2.01 (1.49–2.71) |
Senegal | 1.22 (1.06–1.41) | 1.17 (1.01–1.36) | 1.43 (1.10–1.86) | 3.87 (2.80–5.35) | 1.51 (1.25–1.82) | 2.81 (2.32–3.40) | 1.57 (1.18–2.09) |
Middle Africa | |||||||
Angola | 1.37 (1.26–1.49) | 0.94 (0.84–1.07) | 1.72 (1.47–2.02) | 3.60 (2.90–4.47) | 1.22 (1.09–1.39) | 1.38 (1.21–1.68) | 1.35 (1.09–1.68) |
Chad | 1.22 (1.03–1.45) | 0.86 (0.68–1.09) | 1.77 (1.31–2.40) | 3.08 (2.21–4.30) | 1.45 (1.13–1.86) | 2.41 (1.92–3.04) | 2.06 (1.43–2.98) |
Eastern Africa | |||||||
Burundi | 1.08 (0.93–1.25) | 1.12 (0.91–1.37) | 1.28 (1.00–1.63) | 2.85 (2.17–3.73) | 1.27 (1.05–1.52) | 2.83 (2.27–3.53) | 2.11 (1.47–3.03) |
Ethiopia | 1.19 (1.07–1.34) | 1.10 (0.96–1.27) | 1.96 (1.56–2.47) | 3.35 (2.54–4.43) | 1.44 (1.24–1.67) | 2.45 (2.09–2.89) | 2.29 (1.69–3.10) |
Tanzania | 0.96 (0.89–1.05) | 0.90 (0.81–0.99) | 1.53 (1.37–1.71) | 2.75 (2.36–3.20) | 1.17 (1.05–1.31) | 1.71 (1.47–1.99) | 1.21 (1.05–1.39) |
Uganda | 1.09 (1.00–1.17) | 1.01 (0.91–1.13) | 1.33 (1.18–1.51) | 2.19 (1.90–2.52) | 1.20 (1.07–1.36) | 1.57 (1.37–1.79) | 1.42 (1.17–1.73) |
Rwanda | 1.37 (1.14–1.67) | 1.12 (0.87–1.43) | 1.52 (1.15–2.01) | 3.63 (2.61–5.07) | 1.13 (0.88–1.45) | 2.65 (1.94–3.61) | 2.20 (1.19–4.07) |
Southern Africa | |||||||
Malawi | 1.23 (1.13–1.34) | 0.93 (0.83–1.04) | 1.44 (1.27–1.63) | 2.60 (2.26–2.99) | 1.20 (1.04–1.39) | 1.86 (1.58–2.18) | 1.06 (0.87–1.29) |
South Africa | 1.27 (1.13–1.43) | 1.44 (1.28–1.62) | 1.68 (1.46–1.94) | 7.67 (6.42–9.17) | 1.27 (1.07–1.50) | 1.66 (1.42–1.96) | 1.53 (1.24–1.87) |
Zambia | 1.10 (0.99–1.22) | 1.19 (1.05–1.36) | 1.27 (1.07–1.50) | 2.82 (2.23–3.56) | 1.33 (1.10–1.62) | 1.75 (1.43–2.14) | 1.33 (1.03–1.70) |
Zimbabwe | 1.38 (1.26–1.51) | 1.05 (0.93–1.18) | 1.27 (1.12–1.45) | 3.02 (2.44–3.73) | 1.18 (0.98–1.42) | 1.50 (1.23–1.82) | 1.16 (0.93–1.44) |