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Journal of Population Sciences

Table 6 Difference in means for the employed variables (t test)—state and trait anxiety

From: Effects of COVID-19 lockdown on university students’ anxiety disorder in Italy

 

Obs

State

Trait

Mean

Diff

Std. Err

p value

Mean

Diff

Std. Err

p value

Female

2868

54.88

− 6.33

0.377

***

48.72

− 4.05

0.348

***

Male

1511

48.55

   

44.68

   

Age 18–21

1851

52.39

0.53

0.374

 

47.37

− 0.07

0.340

 

Age > 22

2528

52.92

   

47.29

   

Messina

1461

54.11

− 2.12

0.391

***

48.11

− 1.18

0.355

**

Other

2918

51.99

   

46.93

   

Marche

1690

51.32

2.24

0.379

***

46.54

1.29

0.344

***

Other

2689

53.56

   

47.82

   

Udine

1228

52.91

− 0.29

0.412

 

47.48

− 0.21

0.374

 

Other

3151

52.61

   

47.27

   

Economics and Law

773

54.52

− 2.22

0.484

***

47.41

− 0.10

0.441

 

Other

3606

52.30

   

47.31

   

Medicine

817

51.65

1.28

0.474

**

46.72

0.75

0.431

 

Other

3562

52.93

   

47.47

   

Sciences

1953

51.62

1.94

0.371

***

46.98

0.62

0.338

 

Other

2426

53.56

   

47.60

   

Humanities and Education

836

54.54

− 2.28

0.469

***

48.65

− 1.63

0.426

***

Other

3543

52.26

   

47.01

   

Bachelor’s Degree

2789

52.94

− 0.67

0.385

 

47.80

− 1.29

0.348

***

Other

1590

52.27

   

46.50

   

Changed home

996

54.68

− 2.57

0.440

***

47.81

− 0.62

0.401

 

Did not change home

3383

52.11

   

47.18

   

Scholarship

1645

53.77

− 1.72

0.381

***

48.00

− 1.08

0.346

**

No scholarship

2734

52.05

   

46.92

   

Outdoor space: garden or terrace

3428

52.04

3.00

0.447

***

46.88

2.04

0.406

***

No outdoor space

951

55.05

   

48.92

   

Distance learning

3544

52.41

1.51

0.470

**

46.94

2.01

0.426

***

No distance learning

835

53.92

   

48.96

   
  1. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001