Dynamics of persistent poverty in Italy at the beginning of the crisis

Coppola, Lucia; Di Laurea, Davide

doi:10.1186/s41118-016-0007-x

Genus

Journal of Population Sciences

Table 3 Covariates sample distributions by panel

From: Dynamics of persistent poverty in Italy at the beginning of the crisis

	Panel
	2004–2007		2005–2008		2006–2009		2007–2010		Total
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Region
North	4694	44.85	4219	41.57	4200	42.76	4220	42.61	17,333	42.97
Centre	2325	22.21	2534	24.97	2224	22.64	2185	22.06	9268	22.98
South	3447	32.94	3395	33.45	3398	34.60	3498	35.32	13,738	34.06
Sex
Male	7768	74.22	7529	74.19	7110	72.39	7221	72.92	29,628	73.45
Female	2698	25.78	2619	25.81	2712	27.61	2682	27.08	10,711	26.55
Source of income
Dep. empl.	5371	51.32	5168	50.93	4922	50.11	5334	53.86	20,795	51.55
Self-empl.	2079	19.86	2040	20.10	1900	19.34	1877	18.95	7896	19.57
Old-age pensions	2664	25.45	2601	25.63	2621	26.68	2375	23.98	10,261	25.44
Other sources	352	3.36	339	3.34	379	3.86	317	3.20	1387	3.44
Age
<35	1832	17.50	1661	16.37	1448	14.74	1496	15.11	6437	15.96
35–44	2697	25.77	2749	27.09	2618	26.65	2567	25.92	10,631	26.35
45–54	2410	23.03	2262	22.29	2267	23.08	2409	24.33	9348	23.17
55–64	1693	16.18	1557	15.34	1531	15.59	1560	15.75	6341	15.72
65+	1834	17.52	1919	18.91	1958	19.93	1871	18.89	7582	18.80
Educational level
Up to lower secondary	5793	55.35	5408	53.29	5330	54.27	5236	52.87	21,767	53.96
Secondary	3545	33.87	3643	35.90	3373	34.34	3458	34.92	14,019	34.75
University or higher	1128	10.78	1097	10.81	1119	11.39	1209	12.21	4553	11.29
Partner’s educational level
No partner	2991	28.58	2738	26.98	2754	28.04	2666	26.92	11,149	27.64
Up to lower secondary	4460	42.61	4158	40.97	4036	41.09	4001	40.40	16,655	41.29
Secondary	2122	20.28	2307	22.73	2054	20.91	2328	23.51	8811	21.84
University or higher	893	8.53	945	9.31	978	9.96	908	9.17	3724	9.23
Change in no. of earners
No change	6020	57.52	5694	56.11	5666	57.69	5649	57.04	23,029	57.09
Gained only	1983	18.95	1965	19.36	1872	19.06	1085	10.96	6905	17.12
Lost only	1271	12.14	1057	10.42	916	9.33	1816	18.34	5060	12.54
Gained and lost	1192	11.39	1432	14.11	1368	13.93	1353	13.66	5345	13.25
Change in household size
No	8245	78.78	7969	78.53	8046	81.92	7972	80.50	32,232	79.90
Yes	2221	21.22	2179	21.47	1776	18.08	1931	19.50	8107	20.10
New birth
No	10,024	95.78	9742	96.00	9462	96.33	9572	96.66	38,800	96.18
Yes	442	4.22	406	4.00	360	3.67	331	3.34	1539	3.82
New household
No	10,214	97.59	9906	97.62	9641	98.16	9708	98.03	39,469	97.84
Yes	252	2.41	242	2.38	181	1.84	195	1.97	870	2.16
Change in main earner
No	7451	71.19	7211	71.06	7072	72.00	6943	70.11	28,677	71.09
Yes	3015	28.81	2937	28.94	2750	28.00	2960	29.89	11,662	28.91
Total	10,466	100.00	10,148	100.00	9822	100.00	9903	100.00	40,339	100.00

Source: authors’ calculation on EU-SILC longitudinal UDB

Back to article page