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Journal of Population Sciences

Table 3 Simultaneous hazard model for the first and the second childbirth including the interaction between country and education (ref. medium level). Parameter estimates, significance values and standard errors

From: The nexus between education and fertility in six European countries

 

First child

Second child

 

β

sig.

se

β

sig.

se

Bulgaria

 Low

0.54

***

(0.048)

0.62

***

(0.064)

 Medium (ref.)

0

  

0

  

 High education

− 0.34

***

(0.051)

− 0.42

***

(0.070)

Czech. Rep.

 Low

0.19

**

(0.096)

0.27

**

(0.128)

 Medium (ref.)

0

  

0

  

 High education

− 0.43

***

(0.120)

0.13

 

(0.138)

France

      

 Low

0.21

***

(0.062)

0.13

*

(0.074)

 Medium (ref.)

0

  

0

  

 High education

− 0.23

***

(0.068)

0.29

***

(0.076)

Germany

 Low

0.52

***

(0.115)

0.24

 

(0.152)

 Medium (ref.)

0

  

0

  

 High education

− 0.10

 

(0.098)

0.16

 

(0.096)

Italy

 Low

0.47

***

(0.035)

0.08

**

(0.040)

 Medium (ref.)

0

  

0

  

 High education

− 0.23

***

(0.053)

0.15

***

(0.055)

Poland

 Low

0.03

 

(0.048)

0.40

***

(0.051)

 Medium (ref.)

0

  

0

  

 High education

− 0.44

***

(0.071)

− 0.44

***

(0.080)

  1. Other variables included in the model: birth cohort, currently studying, currently working, mother’s age at first childbirth (only for second child). Source: GGS 2nd wave and Istat FSS (2009)
  2. Note: *p < 0.1; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01