Social origins, geographical mobility and occupational attainment in contemporary Italy

Genus

Journal of Population Sciences

Table 2 Effects of geographical mobility on occupational achievement by sex. Linear probability panel models with FE. Beta coefficients and robust se. Different controls for origin/destination

	Employed		Upper class		Avoid WC		Avoid AGR
	λ	σ	λ	σ	λ	σ	λ	σ
Male
M1: Gross effect	0.06	(0.01)	0.02^**	(0.01)	− 0.04^***	(0.01)	0.02^***	(0.01)
Controls
M2: South-North	0.04^***	(0.01)	0.02^*	(0.01)	− 0.03^**	(0.01)	0.02^***	(0.01)
M3: Macro-regions	0.04^***	(0.01)	0.02^**	(0.01)	− 0.02	(0.01)	0.02^***	(0.01)
M4: Regions	0.03^**	(0.01)	0.01	(0.01)	− 0.02	(0.01)	0.02^***	(0.01)
Female
M1: Gross effect	− 0.03^*	(0.01)	0.01^*	(0.01)	0.02	(0.01)	0.01^**	(0.01)
Controls
M2: South-North	− 0.06^***	(0.02)	0.01	(0.01)	0.05^***	(0.01)	0.01^**	(0.01)
M3: Macro-regions	− 0.05^***	(0.02)	0.01^**	(0.01)	0.05^***	(0.01)	0.01	(0.01)
M4: Regions	− 0.06^***	(0.02)	0.01	(0.01)	0.06^***	(0.01)	0.01^**	(0.01)

All models control for region of current residence; enrollment in the educational system; marital status; parenthood; years (1955–2005) and age dummies (from 15 up to 55); highest educational level achieved. In addition, models from M2 on include an interaction term for geographical area of departure by geographical area of destination, defined in M2 as SNDep_it × SNDest_it, where SN is a dummy for south-north; in M3, as MacroDep_it × MacroDest_it, where Macro is macro regions (North-West, North-East, Center, South); in all models from M4 to M14 as RegDep_it × RegDest_it, where Reg is region
*** = p<0.001; ** = p<0.05; * = p<0.1