Journal of Population Sciences
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Explanatory variables | Coeff. 3, 2 vs. 1 | Coeff. 3, vs. 1, 2 | Coeff. 3, 2 vs. 1 | Coeff. 3, vs. 1, 2 | Coeff. 3, 2 vs. 1 | Coeff. 3, vs. 1, 2 |
Gender (ref. male) | ||||||
Female | 0.032 | 0.032 | 0.148 | 0.148 | − 0.048 | 0.237** |
Age (ref. 25–29) | ||||||
18–24 | − 0.083 | − 0.083 | − 0.074 | − 0.074 | − 0.043 | − 0.043 |
30–34 | − 0.002 | − 0.002 | − 0.001 | − 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Education (ref. tertiary) | ||||||
Upper secondary | 0.217** | 0.217** | 0.223** | 0.223** | 0.210** | 0.210** |
< Upper secondary | − 0.286 | 0.252 | − 0.302* | 0.310* | − 0.275 | 0.307* |
Employment (ref. self-employed) | ||||||
Neither student nor employed (NEET) | 0.171 | 0.171 | 0.152 | 0.152 | 0.301 | 0.301 |
Student | − 0.127 | 0.243 | − 0.127 | 0.243 | 0.513** | 0.513** |
Permanent employee | 0.059 | 0.059 | 0.085 | 0.085 | 0.298 | 0.298 |
Temporary worker | 0.265 | 0.265 | 0.261 | 0.261 | 0.542** | 0.542** |
Country of residence (ref: Italy) | ||||||
UK | − 0.170 | − 0.170 | − 0.164 | − 0.164 | 0.591 | 0.591 |
Germany | − 0.635*** | − 0.635*** | − 0.589*** | − 0.589** | 0.005 | 0.005 |
France | − 0.598*** | − 1.453*** | − 0.593*** | − 1.376*** | 0.806 | 0.806 |
Spain | 0.226 | − 0.341** | 0.240 | − 0.320** | 0.389 | 0.389 |
Perceived future job/income conditions (ref: positive or neutral for me and my family) | ||||||
Negative for my family but not for me | − 0.082 | − 0.082 | 0.108 | 0.108 | ||
Negative for me only | 0.285* | 0.285* | 0.478* | 0.478* | ||
Negative for me and my family | 0.432*** | 0.432*** | 0.615*** | 0.615*** | ||
Perceived future job/income conditions × Country | ||||||
Negative for my family but not for me × UK | − 0.377 | − 0.377 | ||||
Negative for my family but not for me × Germany | − 0.227 | − 0.227 | ||||
Negative for my family but not for me × France | − 0.522 | − 0.522 | ||||
Negative for my family but not for me × Spain | 1.298 | − 1.209* | ||||
Negative for me only × UK | 0.680 | 0.680 | ||||
Negative for me only × Germany | − 1.285*** | − 1.285*** | ||||
Negative for me only × France | − 0.275 | − 0.275 | ||||
Negative for me only × Spain | − 0.146 | − 0.146 | ||||
Negative for me and my family × UK | 0.020 | 0.020 | ||||
Negative for me and my family × Germany | − 0.649* | − 0.649* | ||||
Negative for me and my family × France | − 0.889*** | − 0.889*** | ||||
Negative for me and my family × Spain | − 0.618** | − 0.618** | ||||
Employment × Country | ||||||
NEET × UK | − 0.542 | − 0.542 | ||||
NEET × Germany | 0.130 | 0.130 | ||||
NEET × France | − 0.885 | − 0.885 | ||||
NEET × Spain | − 0.286 | − 0.286 | ||||
Student × UK | − 1.928*** | − 1.928*** | ||||
Student × Germany | − 1.127** | − 1.127** | ||||
Student × France | − 1.287** | − 1.287** | ||||
Student × Spain | − 0.063 | − 0.063 | ||||
Permanent empoloyee × UK | − 0.476 | − 0.476 | ||||
Permanent employee × Germany | − 0.225 | − 0.225 | ||||
Permanent empoloyee × France | − 1.195** | − 1.195** | ||||
Permanent empoloyee × Spain | − 0.350 | − 0.350 | ||||
Temporary worker × UK | − 1.044* | − 1.044* | ||||
Temporary worker × Germany | − 0.125 | − 0.125 | ||||
Temporary worker × France | − 1.214** | − 1.214** | ||||
Temporary worker × Spain | − 0.413 | − 0.413 | ||||
Observations | 1846 | 1846 | 1846 |