Journal of Population Sciences
From: Grandparents in Italy: trends and changes in the demography of grandparenthood from 1998 to 2016
Grandparents | Non-grandparents | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 | 2003 | 2009 | 2016 | 1998 | 2003 | 2009 | 2016 | ||
Sample | 5,608 | 6,155 | 5,788 | 3,595 | 10,691 | 9,884 | 9,130 | 6,603 | |
(%) | (37.9) | (37.5) | (37.5) | (35.5) | (62.1) | (62.5) | (62.5) | (64.5) | |
Mean age | 68.3 | 68.9 | 70.1 | 70.7 | 50.6 | 50.6 | 50.7 | 52.5 | |
(SD) | (10.7) | (10.7) | (10.9) | (11.1) | (12.6) | (12.8) | (12.7) | (13.2) | |
Marital status (%) | |||||||||
Never married | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 13.0 | 14.5 | 15.8 | 19.1 | |
Married | 56.3 | 56.8 | 56.0 | 55.8 | 72.7 | 68.6 | 65.6 | 61.2 | |
Separated | 1.4 | 2.1 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 5.3 | 7.0 | 6.4 | |
Divorced | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 1.8 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 5.0 | |
Widowed | 40.1 | 39.2 | 37.5 | 36.4 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.1 | 8.3 | |
Education level (%) | |||||||||
Tertiary | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.7 | 4.1 | 9.0 | 10.6 | 15.7 | 17.4 | |
High sec | 7.2 | 8.7 | 11.6 | 15.5 | 29.3 | 33.5 | 37.4 | 39.4 | |
Low sec | 10.3 | 13.9 | 19.1 | 25.5 | 26.5 | 30.8 | 28.8 | 29.6 | |
Primary | 51.9 | 52.6 | 48.8 | 44.2 | 28.7 | 20.8 | 14.9 | 11.0 | |
No education | 28.8 | 22.8 | 17.9 | 10.8 | 6.5 | 4.4 | 3.2 | 2.6 | |
Working status (%) | |||||||||
Employed | 6.2 | 7.9 | 6.8 | 9.2 | 38.8 | 44.2 | 45.5 | 47.0 | |
Unemployed | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 0.6 | 2.2 | 2.8 | 5.9 | 3.4 | |
Homemaker | 45.7 | 39.6 | 42.6 | 38.8 | 39.3 | 34.6 | 33.1 | 30.9 | |
Retired | 38.3 | 43.6 | 42.4 | 45.5 | 16.6 | 14.9 | 12.3 | 15.1 | |
Other | 9.7 | 8.4 | 6.8 | 5.9 | 3.1 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 3.6 | |
% Having own income | 75.0 | 76.1 | 75.6 | 74.5 | 64.1 | 67.3 | 69.4 | 70.6 | |
Area of residence (%) | |||||||||
North | 45.5 | 45.2 | 44.5 | 44.7 | 48.0 | 47.8 | 48.0 | 47.6 | |
Centre | 20.9 | 21.1 | 21.6 | 20.4 | 19.7 | 19.7 | 19.7 | 20.5 | |
South and Islands | 33.5 | 33.7 | 33.9 | 34.9 | 32.4 | 32.6 | 32.3 | 31.9 | |
% Home ownership | 73.6 | 73.7 | 76.1 | 74.8 | 73.7 | 74.5 | 73.9 | 71.8 | |
% Foreign-born | 1.7 | 2.0 | n.a | 6.2 | 3.2 | 4.3 | n.a | 12.1 | |
Chronic disease (% at least 1) | 19.4 | 16.7 | 15.6 | 13.8 | 6.8 | 6.4 | 5.1 | 5.1 |