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Journal of Population Sciences

Table 1 Percentage distribution of 233,763 births by maternal and child characteristics for India and its six state-regions

From: The effects of community clustering on under-five mortality in India: a parametric shared frailty modelling approach

 

India

North

Central

East

Northeast

West

South

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

Maternal characteristics

Age at first birth (in years)

Less than 18

53,340 (22.82)

7506 (17.24)

14,656 (22.08)

14,152 (28.69)

8617 (25.36)

3841 (22.77)

4568 (19.30)

19 to 24

144,235 [61.70]

27,898 [64.06]

44,110 [66.44]

29,861 [60.55]

17,808 [52.42]

10,262 [60.85]

14,296 [60.40]

15 to 29

29,557 [12.64]

6843 [15.71]

6525 [9.83]

4381 [8.88]

5551 [16.34]

2287 [13.56]

3970 [16.77]

30 and above

6631 (2.84)

1302 (2.99)

1095 (1.65)

926 (1.88)

1997 (5.88)

475 (2.82)

836 (3.53)

Level of schooling

No schooling

74,456 (31.85)

13,373 (30.71)

25,999 (39.16)

22,015 (44.64)

7047 (20.74)

2994 (17.75)

3028 (12.79)

Primary

34,097 (14.59)

5698 (13.08)

11,022 (16.60)

6798 (13.78)

6149 (18.10)

2296 (13.61)

2134 (9.02)

Secondary

103,976 (44.48)

18,995 (43.62)

23,894 (35.99)

18,094 (36.69)

18,613 (54.79)

9967 (59.10)

14,413 (60.89)

Higher

21,234 (9.08)

5483 (12.59)

5471 (8.24)

2413 (4.89)

2164 (6.37)

1608 (9.53)

4095 (17.30)

Marital status

Currently married

230,093 (98.43)

43,137 (99.05)

65,630 (98.86)

48,728 (98.80)

32,672 (96.17)

16,573 (98.27)

23,353 (98.66)

Not currently married

3670 (1.57)

412 (0.95)

756 (1.14)

592 (1.20)

1301 (3.83)

292 (1.73)

317 (1.34)

Wealth index

Poorest

63,473 (27.15)

5008 (11.50)

23,174 (34.91)

24,748 (50.18)

7071 (20.81)

2285 (13.55)

1187 (5.01)

Poorer

55,430 (23.71)

8227 (18.89)

15,947 (24.02)

12,109 (24.55)

11,362 (33.44)

3655 (21.67)

4130 (17.45)

Middle

46,161 (19.75)

9307 (21.37)

10,937 (16.47)

6713 (13.61)

8182 (24.08)

4077 (24.17)

6945 (29.34)

Richer

38,031 (16.27)

9359 (21.49)

8701 (13.11)

3974 (8.06)

5075 (14.94)

3832 (22.72)

7090 (29.95)

Richest

30,668 (13.12)

11,648 (26.75)

7627 (11.49)

1776 (3.60)

2283 (6.72)

3016 (17.88)

4318 (18.24)

Religion

Hindu

168,443 (72.06)

30,187 (69.32)

56,473 (85.07)

39,538 (80.17)

9575 (28.18)

13,755 (81.56)

18,915 (79.91)

Muslim

36,455 (15.59)

9251 (21.24)

9494 (14.30)

7414 (15.03)

4829 (14.21)

2087 (12.37)

3380 (14.28)

Christian

19,571 (8.37)

84 (0.19)

196 (0.30)

1016 (2.06)

16,733 (49.25)

200 (1.19)

1342 (5.67)

Others

9294 (3.98)

4027 (9.25)

223 (0.34)

1352 (2.74)

2836 (8.35)

823 (4.88)

33 (0.14)

Caste

Scheduled Caste

43,857 (18.76)

10,116 (23.23)

13,661 (20.58)

10,463 (21.21)

1906 (5.61)

2322 (13.77)

5389 (22.77)

Scheduled Tribe

48,962 (20.95)

4631 (10.63)

10,499 (15.82)

7734 (15.68)

20,723 (61.00)

3529 (20.92)

1846 (7.80)

Others

140,944 (60.29)

28,802 (66.14)

42,226 (63.61)

31,123 (63.10)

11,344 (33.39)

11,014 (65.31)

16,435 (69.43)

Child characteristics

Sex

Male

121,972 (52.18)

23,180 (53.23)

34,837 (52.48)

25,569 (51.84)

17,407 (51.24)

8805 (52.21)

12,174 (51.43)

Female

111,791 (47.82)

20,369 (46.77)

31,549 (47.52)

23,751 (48.16)

16,566 (48.76)

8060 (47.79)

11,496 (48.57)

Type of birth

Singleton birth

229,855 (98.33)

42,825 (98.34)

65,242 (98.28)

48,409 (98.15)

33,516 (98.65)

16,594 (98.39)

23,269 (98.31)

Multiple birth

3908 (1.67)

724 (1.66)

1144 (1.72)

911 (1.85)

457 (1.35)

271 (1.61)

401 (1.69)

Birth order

1

85,097 (36.40)

16,686 (38.32)

21,902 (32.99)

16,787 (34.04)

12,122 (35.68)

6897 (40.90)

10,703 (45.22)

2

71,527 (30.60)

13,901 (31.92)

19,176 (28.89)

14,290 (28.97)

9097 (26.78)

5836 (34.60)

9227 (38.98)

3 to 4

57,322 (24.52)

10,065 (23.11)

17,881 (26.93)

13,502 (27.38)

8905 (26.21)

3519 (20.87)

3450 (14.58)

5 and above

19,817 (8.48)

2897 (6.65)

7427 (11.19)

4741 (9.61)

3849 (11.33)

613 (3.63)

290 (1.23)

Birthsize

Less than average

33,759 (14.44)

5533 (12.71)

10,184 (15.34)

7102 (14.40)

6431 (18.93)

2259 (13.39)

2250 (9.51)

Average

160,057 (68.47)

32,769 (75.25)

46,990 (70.78)

33,524 (67.97)

21,874 (64.39)

10,354 (61.39)

14,546 (61.45)

Above average

39,947 (17.09)

5247 (12.05)

9212 (13.88)

8694 (17.63)

5668 (16.68)

4252 (25.21)

6874 (29.04)

Previous birth interval

First-order birth

85,779 (36.69)

16,856 (38.71)

22,056 (33.22)

16,909 (34.28)

12,201 (35.91)

6950 (41.21)

10,807 (45.66)

Less than 12 months

2638 (1.13)

464 (1.07)

988 (1.49)

613 (1.24)

266 (0.78)

120 (0.71)

187 (0.79)

12 to 23 months

37,184 (15.91)

7086 (16.27)

12,176 (18.34)

7759 (15.73)

4463 (13.14)

2381 (14.12)

3319 (14.02)

24 to 35 months

47,098 (20.15)

8444 (19.39)

14,796 (22.29)

10,480 (21.25)

6176 (18.18)

3257 (19.31)

3945 (16.67)

36 to 47 months

26,566 (11.36)

4706 (10.81)

7734 (11.65)

6223 (12.62)

3960 (11.66)

1825 (10.82)

2118 (8.95)

48 to 59 months

14,396 (6.16)

2569 (5.90)

3887 (5.86)

3229 (6.55)

2486 (7.32)

983 (5.83)

1242 (5.25)

60 to 85 months

12,852 (5.50)

2231 (5.12)

3184 (4.80)

2717 (5.51)

2660 (7.83)

849 (5.03)

1211 (5.12)

86 months and above

7250 (3.10)

1193 (2.74)

1565 (2.36)

1390 (2.82)

1761 (5.18)

500 (2.96)

841 (3.55)

Mode of delivery

Non-Caesarean

202,681 (86.70)

37,037 (85.05)

60,636 (91.34)

44,571 (90.37)

30,410 (89.51)

14,080 (83.49)

15,947 (67.37)

Caesarean

31,082 (13.30)

6512 (14.95)

5750 (8.66)

4749 (9.63)

3563 (10.49)

2785 (16.51)

7723 (32.63)

Assistance during delivery

Skilled personnel

181,262 (77.54)

36,600 (84.04)

48,430 (72.95)

36,749 (74.51)

22,057 (64.93)

14,761 (87.52)

22,665 (95.75)

Unskilled personnel

52,501 (22.46)

6949 (15.96)

17,956 (27.05)

12,571 (25.49)

11,916 (35.07)

2104 (12.48)

1005 (4.25)

History of sibling’s death

No

207,020 (88.56)

39,475 (90.65)

55,267 (83.25)

43,002 (87.19)

30,965 (91.15)

15,735 (93.30)

22,576 (95.38)

Yes

26,743 (11.44)

4074 (9.35)

11,119 (16.75)

6318 (12.81)

3008 (8.85)

1130 (6.70)

1094 (4.62)

Total

233,763

43,549

66,386

49,320

33,973

16,865

23,670

  1. Not currently married includes widowed, separated and divorced; skilled Personnel includes doctors, nurses, auxiliary nurse midwives, midwives, and lady health visitors