Table 3 Linear regression model coefficient estimates (standard errors) among non-first births

Maternal educational attainment

 Less than primary

0.0239

(0.61)

− 0.172

− 0.0101

− 0.280***

− 0.515***

(1.66)

(0.20)

(5.87)

(9.61)

 Primary

− 0.0220

− 0.0127

− 0.00599

− 0.111*

− 0.237***

(0.56)

(0.12)

(0.12)

(2.31)

(4.41)

 Some secondary

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

 Upper secondary and above

0.0152

(0.37)

0.227*

(2.09)

0.0123

(0.23)

0.166***

(3.30)

0.152**

(2.70)

Maternal cognition (z)

− 0.0128

(0.75)

− 0.135**

(3.00)

0.00509

(0.23)

0.0432*

(2.07)

0.00942

(0.41)

Male

0.0942***

(3.80)

− 0.0947

(1.44)

0.00524

(0.16)

− 0.0165

(0.54)

− 0.189***

(5.57)

Twins + 

− 0.408***

(4.22)

− 0.348

(1.35)

− 0.00452

(0.04)

− 0.0647

(0.55)

0.144

(1.09)

Birth year

0.000574

(0.14)

0.0733***

(6.92)

0.0121*

(2.32)

0.0144**

(2.91)

− 0.0291***

(4.88)

Urban

0.0294

(1.07)

0.191**

(2.61)

0.00585

(0.16)

0.0835*

(2.48)

0.0687

(1.83)

Maternal marital status

0.0844

(1.08)

− 0.181

(0.72)

− 0.0231

(0.27)

− 0.0580

(0.87)

0.0363

(0.71)

Fertility characteristics

 Contraceptive knowledge high

0.0619

(1.93)

− 0.217*

(2.54)

0.0810

(1.95)

− 0.0267

(0.68)

0.0774

(1.76)

 Mother ≤ 20 years at birth

0.143

(1.69)

− 0.322

(1.43)

− 0.0983

(0.90)

− 0.195

(1.89)

− 0.0967

(0.84)

 Pre-pregnancy interval < 24 months

− 0.0461

(1.27)

− 0.312**

(3.22)

− 0.0929

(1.95)

− 0.103*

(2.27)

− 0.0562

(1.12)

 Birth order 3 + 

0.0939**

(2.88)

− 0.111

(1.31)

− 0.0403

(1.07)

− 0.0116

(0.34)

− 0.0414

(1.11)

 Number of household dependents (< 18 years)

− 0.00839

(0.84)

− 0.0119

(0.42)

0.0304*

(2.20)

− 0.0147

(1.15)

− 0.103***

(7.10)

 Post-birth pregnancy interval < 24 months

0.0657

(0.63)

− 0.0398

(0.76)

0.00950

(0.19)

− 0.106*

(1.99)

Child Health

 Birth weight (kg)

0.255***

(4.72)

0.0743**

(2.82)

0.0452

(1.80)

0.000836

(0.03)

 Height (z) t₁

0.774***

(78.20)

− 0.0210

(1.19)

0.0246

(1.25)

 Height (z) t₂

0.0225

(1.16)

− 0.00459

(0.21)

 Cognition (z) t₃

0.240***

(10.55)

 Constant

3.046***

(32.97)

− 1.905***

(5.76)

− 0.717***

(5.25)

− 0.331**

(2.73)

0.606***

(4.95)

Observations

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