Uptake of formal childcare among second generation and native mothers in Belgium: can increasing local childcare availability narrow migrant-native gaps?

Genus

Journal of Population Sciences

Table 2 Distribution of the covariates and sample sizes by mothers’ origin group among two-parent households with one child (in %)

	Native	2G South-EU	2G Maghreb	2G Turkey
Mothers’ educational level
Low	7.7	13.4	21.3	23.2
Medium	34.2	40.6	53.4	57.0
High	57.0	44.3	23.5	18.1
Unknown	1.1	1.7	1.8	1.6
Mothers’ age at first childbirth
Mean	28.7	28.6	26.9	26.0
Child’s age at end of the year
Mean	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.7
Fathers’ migration background
Native	87.1	51.5	10.7	5.6
First generation migrant	4.9	9.7	45.6	51.2
Second generation migrant	7.9	38.5	43.4	42.8
Unknown	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.4
N	220,542	15,246	9301	4629

Source: Belgian Census 2011 linked to longitudinal register data, longitudinal tax return data on childcare expenses and municipality-level data on childcare coverage from K&G and ONE. Calculations by authors