Journal of Population Sciences
Table 1 Probability of parental informal childcare arrangements by children’s age
From: Informal childcare arrangements: a comparison between Italians and migrants
Variables | On their own | Grandparents | Other relatives | Non-relatives | No need |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Households with children aged 0–5 | |||||
Migrants (ref. Italians) | 0.081 (0.066) | − 0.491 (0.000) | 0.171 (0.000) | 0.033 (0.004) | 0.207 (0.000) |
Household type (ref. Couple) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Single parent family | 0.007 (0.664) | − 0.047 (0.095) | 0.022 (0.365) | 0.136 (0.000) | − 0.118 (0.000) |
 Composite household | − 0.024 (0.002) | 0.199 (0.000) | − 0.012 (0.344) | − 0.029 (0.006) | − 0.135 (0.000) |
Children aged 14-18 (ref. No) | − 0.034 (0.000) | − 0.034 (0.163) | 0.129 (0.000) | − 0.021 (0.133) | − 0.039 (0.099) |
Children’s activity (ref. No) |  |  |  |  |  |
 At least one child | − 0.011 (0.207) | 0.012 (0.515) | 0.020 (0.116) | 0.036 (0.003) | − 0.057 (0.001) |
 All children | − 0.003 (0.741) | − 0.001 (0.966) | 0.029 (0.028) | 0.018 (0.103) | − 0.043 (0.014) |
Territorial disadvantage (ref. Not at all or little) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Enough or much | 0.007 (0.324) | − 0.004 (0.763) | − 0.007 (0.476) | 0.004 (0.674) | 0.001 (0.954) |
Area of residence (ref. North) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Centre | 0.015 (0.189) | 0.062 (0.002) | − 0.027 (0.032) | − 0.020 (0.108) | − 0.027 (0.158) |
 South | 0.007 (0.493) | 0.089 (0.000) | − 0.017 (0.254) | − 0.029 (0.011) | − 0.050 (0.007) |
Highest educational level in the household (ref. Primary or none) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Secondary | − 0.020 (0.237) | 0.140 (0.001) | − 0.052 (0.045) | − 0.061 (0.037) | − 0.007 (0.839) |
 Tertiary | 0.023 (0.250) | 0.122 (0.005) | − 0.074 (0.010) | − 0.073 (0.017) | 0.001 (0.977) |
Parent(s)’ employment status (ref. Both parents employed) |  |  |  |  |  |
 Mother unemployed or inactive | − 0.015 (0.085) | − 0.167 (0.000) | − 0.013 (0.267) | 0.003 (0.746) | 0.192 (0.000) |
 Father unemployed or inactive | 0.014 (0.533) | − 0.109 (0.004) | 0.012 (0.673) | 0.011 (0.670) | 0.072 (0.049) |
 Both parents unemployed or inactive | − 0.034 (0.049) | − 0.103 (0.030) | − 0.002 (0.964) | 0.029 (0.408) | 0.109 (0.016) |
Perception of the household economic condition (ref. Very good or adequate) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Poor or insufficient | 0.001 (0.851) | − 0.032 (0.026) | − 0.004 (0.673) | 0.011 (0.260) | 0.025 (0.087) |
N. of households (unweighted) | 3474 | ||||
Households with children aged 6–13 | |||||
Household type (ref. Couple) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Single parent family | 0.003 (0.802) | − 0.001 (0.970) | − 0.008 (0.677) | 0.049 (0.011) | − 0.043 (0.049) |
 Composite household | − 0.029 (0.000) | 0.220 (0.000) | − 0.011 (0.527) | − 0.063 (0.000) | − 0.117 (0.000) |
Children aged 14-18 (ref. No) | − 0.018 (0.009) | − 0.126 (0.000) | 0.205 (0.000) | − 0.010 (0.348) | − 0.052 (0.000) |
Children’s activity (ref. No) |  |  |  |  |  |
 At least one child | − 0.023 (0.004) | 0.082 (0.000) | 0.010 (0.559) | 0.003 (0.811) | − 0.071 (0.000) |
 All children | − 0.017 (0.062) | 0.047 (0.005) | − 0.004 (0.793) | 0.004 (0.718) | − 0.030 (0.066) |
Territorial disadvantage (ref. Not at all or little) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Enough or much | 0.012 (0.068) | − 0.004 (0.759) | 0.013 (0.250) | − 0.009 (0.374) | − 0.012 (0.332) |
Area of residence (ref. North) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Centre | − 0.009 (0.265) | 0.029 (0.118) | − 0.011 (0.454) | − 0.024 (0.072) | 0.014 (0.430) |
 South | 0.004 (0.695) | 0.093 (0.000) | − 0.008 (0.570) | − 0.050 (0.000) | − 0.038 (0.015) |
Highest educational level in the household (ref. Primary or none) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Secondary | 0.015 (0.164) | 0.141 (0.000) | − 0.085 (0.002) | − 0.063 (0.026) | − 0.007 (0.806) |
 Tertiary | 0.041 (0.004) | 0.128 (0.002) | − 0.104 (0.001) | − 0.049 (0.116) | − 0.016 (0.621) |
Parent(s)’ employment status (ref. Both parents employed) |  |  |  |  |  |
 Mother unemployed or inactive | − 0.036 (0.000) | − 0.111 (0.000) | − 0.016 (0.191) | − 0.002 (0.874) | 0.164 (0.000) |
 Father unemployed or inactive | 0.017 (0.419) | − 0.119 (0.001) | 0.021 (0.478) | 0.055 (0.066) | 0.025 (0.391) |
 Both parents unemployed or inactive | − 0.047 (0.004) | − 0.186 (0.000) | 0.042 (0.271) | 0.067 (0.089) | 0.124 (0.004) |
Perception of the household economic condition (ref. Very good or adequate) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Poor or insufficient | − 0.004 (0.533) | − 0.019 (0.190) | − 0.018 (0.133) | 0.001 (0.982) | 0.041 (0.002) |
N. of households (unweighted) | 4113 | ||||