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Journal of Population Sciences

Table 5 Results from dynamic random effects models for infant mortality, Nigeria, 1980–2013

From: Clustering of infant deaths among Nigerian women: investigation of temporal patterns using dynamic random effects model

 

Coefficients (standard error)

Model I

Model II

Model III

Model IV

Child-related variables

 Death of preceding child, γ (SE)

0.4859 (0.0159)*

0.7069 (0.0423)*

0.6773 (0.0423)*

0.6318 (0.0426)*

 Child birth cohort

  1980–1989 (ref)

    

  1990–1999

 

0.0214 (0.0166)

0.00913 (0.0183)

0.0513 (0.0185)*

  2000–2009

 

− 0.0664 (0.0170)*

− 0.0903 (0.0233)*

− 0.0135 (0.0236)

  ≥ 2010

 

− 0.2342 (0.0239)*

− 0.2538 (0.0319)*

− 0.1235 (0.0324)*

 Interaction term

  Death of preceding child × child birth cohort

 

− 0.0932 (0.0163)*

− 0.0886 (0.0163)*

− 0.0999 (0.0164)*

 Male sex

  

0.0832 (0.0094)*

0.0832 (0.0095)*

 Birth order

  1 (ref)

    

  2–3

  

− 0.1846 (0.0146)*

− 0.1329 (0.0148)*

  4–5

  

− 0.0979 (0.0134)*

− 0.0729 (0.0136)*

  6+

    

 Birth interval

  < 24

   

0.4681 (0.0137)*

  24–36

   

0.2434 (0.0133)*

  > 36 (ref)

    

Maternal variables

 Age at child’s birth

  < 20 (ref)

    

  20–34

  

− 0.1836 (0.0169)*

− 0.1267 (0.0170)*

  ≥ 35

  

− 0.1620 (0.0258)*

− 0.0582 (0.0261)*

 Education

  None (ref)

    

  Primary

  

−0.0323 (0.0149)*

− 0.0299 (0.0149)*

  Secondary/higher

  

− 0.0516 (0.0189)*

− 0.0526 (0.0191)*

 Household wealth quintile

  Poorest (ref)

    

  Poorer

  

− 0.0021 (0.0138)*

− 0.0043 (0.0139)*

  Middle

  

− 0.1226 (0.0162)*

− 0.1201 (0.0164)*

  Richer

  

− 0.1459 (0.0194)*

− 0.1420 (0.0195)*

  Richest

  

− 0.2122 (0.0253)*

− 0.2129 (0.0255)*

 Religion

  Christianity

  

− 0.0589 (0.0219)*

− 0.0657 (0.0221)*

  Islam

  

− 0.0728 (0.0192)*

− 0.0866 (0.0194)*

  Others (ref)

    

 Type of place of residence

  Rural

  

0.0339 (0.0141)*

0.0329 (0.0142)*

  Urban (ref)

    

 Region

  North Central

  

− 0.0358 (0.0226)

− 0.0529 (0.0229)*

  North East

  

0.0644 (0.0266)*

0.0269 (0.0229)

  North West

  

0.0792 (0.0225)*

0.0456 (0.0228)*

  South East

  

0.1067 (0.0247)*

0.0573 (0.0249)*

  South South

  

0.0297 (0.0240)*

0.0052 (0.0242)

  South West (ref)

    

Other model parameters

θ (SE)

0.8939 (0.0708)*

0.8691 (0.0698)*

0.9169 (0.0807)*

0.9133 (0.0807)*

 Family-level heterogeneity (SE)

0.1246 (0.0065)*

0.1257 (0.0067)*

0.1116 (0.0068)*

0.1126 (0.0069)*

 Log-likelihood

− 64,816.322

− 64,666.778

− 64,145.23

− 63,508.255

  1. *p < 0.05