Journal of Population Sciences
Model 4 | Model 5 | Model 6 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Explanatory variables | Coeff. 3, 2 vs. 1 | Coeff. 3, vs. 1, 2 | Coeff. 3, 2 vs. 1 | Coeff. 3, vs. 1, 2 | Coeff. 3, 2 vs. 1 | Coeff. 3, vs. 1, 2 |
Gender (ref. male) | ||||||
Female | 0.106 | 0.106 | 0.150 | 0.150 | − 0.046 | 0.239** |
Age (ref. 25–29) | ||||||
18–24 | − 0.082 | − -0.082 | − -0.069 | − 0.069 | − -0.040 | − 0.040 |
30–-34 | 0.009 | 0.009 | − 0.001 | − -0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 |
Education (ref. tertiary) | ||||||
Upper secondary | 0.242** | 0.242** | 0.224** | 0.223** | 0.211** | 0.211** |
< Upper secondary | − -0.336** | 0.400** | − -0.302* | 0.311* | − 0.275 | 0.308* |
Occupational status (ref. self-employed) | ||||||
Neither student nor employed (NEET) | 0.049 | 0.049 | 0.147 | 0.147 | 0.291 | 0.291 |
Student | − 0.166 | 0.165 | − 0.131 | 0.239 | 0507** | 0507** |
Permanent employee | 0.065 | 0.065 | 0.089 | 0.089 | 0.305 | 0.305 |
Temporary worker | 0.223 | 0.223 | 0.259 | 0.259 | 0.539** | 0.539** |
Country of residence (ref: Italy) | ||||||
UK | − 0.101 | − 0.101 | 0.642 | 0.642 | ||
Germany | − 0.516*** | − 0.516*** | 0.063 | 0.063 | ||
France | − 0.555*** | − 1.337*** | 0.834 | 0.083 | ||
Spain | 0.239 | − 0.320** | 0.387 | 0.387 | ||
Perceived future job/income conditions (ref: positive or neutral for me and my family) | ||||||
Negative for my family but not for me | − 0.016 | − 0.016 | − 0.079 | − 0.079 | 0.115 | 0.115 |
Negative for me only | 0.306* | 0.306* | 0.283* | 0.283* | 0.476* | 0.476* |
Negative for me and my family | 0.181 | 0.552*** | 0.090 | 0.433*** | 0.618*** | 0.618*** |
Perceived future job/income conditions × country | ||||||
Negative for my family but not for me × UK | − 0.384 | − 0.384 | ||||
Negative for my family but not for me × Germany | − 0.233 | − 0.233 | ||||
Negative for my family but not for me × France | − 0.529 | − 0.529 | ||||
Negative for my family but not for me × Spain | − 0.139 | − 1.216* | ||||
Negative for me only × UK | 0.648 | 0.648 | ||||
Negative for me only × Germany | − 1.282*** | − 1.282*** | ||||
Negative for me only × France | − 0.273 | − 0.273 | ||||
Negative for me only × Spain | − 0.139 | − 0.139 | ||||
Negative for me and my family × UK | 0.018 | 0.018 | ||||
Negative for me and my family × Germany | − 0.651* | − 0.651* | ||||
Negative for me and my family × France | − 0.890*** | − 0.890*** | ||||
Negative for me and my family × Spain | − 0.616** | − 0.616** | ||||
Occupation × country | ||||||
NEET × UK | − 0.533 | − 0.533 | ||||
NEET × Germany | 0.139 | 0.139 | ||||
NEET × France | − 0.876 | − 0.876 | ||||
NEET × Spain | − 0.280 | − 0.280 | ||||
Student × UK | − 1.925*** | − 1.925*** | ||||
Student × Germany | − 1.122** | − 1.122** | ||||
Student × France | − 1.282** | − 1.282** | ||||
Student × Spain | − 0.062 | − 0.062 | ||||
Permanent empoloyee × UK | − 0.483 | − 0.483 | ||||
Permanent empoloyee × Germany | − 0.230 | − 0.230 | ||||
Permanent empoloyee × France | − 1.200** | − 1.200** | ||||
Permanent empoloyee × Spain | − 0.352 | − 0.352 | ||||
Temporary worker × UK | − 1.044 | − 1.044 | ||||
Temporary worker × Germany | − 0.123 | − 0.123 | ||||
Temporary worker × France | − 1.210** | − 1.210** | ||||
Temporary worker × Spain | − 0.412 | − 0.412 | ||||
Youth unemployment rate | 0.016*** | 0.016*** | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 |
Observations | 1846 | 1846 | 1846 |