Parental leave policies, work (re)entry, and second birth: Do differences between migrants and non-migrants in Germany increase?

Genus

Journal of Population Sciences

Table 3 Results of multivariable intensity regression with competing risks of (re)entry to work or second child—by policy cohort (AME)

	Ref: non-migrants	1992–1995			1996–2000				2001–2006				2007–2012				2013–2020
	Ref: non-migrants	(re)entry to work		Second pregnancy	(Re)entry to work		Second pregnancy		(Re)entry to work		Second pregnancy		(re)entry to work		Second pregnancy		(Re)entry to work		Second pregnancy
Model B1	First generation	− 0.009	**	− 0.002	− 0.011	**	0.006	^°	− 0.012	**	− 0.001		− 0.014	**	0.007	*	− 0.017	**	0.005	*
Model B1	Migrant descendants	− 0.005		0.000	− 0.004		0.001		− 0.007	*	0.002		0.000		0.003		− 0.014	**	0.004	^°
Model B2	First generation	− 0.006	^°	− 0.001	− 0.008	*	0.004		− 0.012	**	− 0.002		− 0.014	**	0.006	^°	− 0.014	**	0.004	^°
Model B2	Migrant descendants	− 0.002		0.000	− 0.002		− 0.001		− 0.004		0.003		0.004		0.004		− 0.009	*	0.004	^°
Model B3	First generation	− 0.006		− 0.003	− 0.009	*	0.000		− 0.012	**	− 0.005	*	− 0.014	**	0.005	^°	− 0.013	**	0.003
Model B3	Migrant descendants	− 0.001		− 0.002	− 0.002		− 0.003		− 0.003		0.000		0.004		0.001		− 0.009	*	0.003
Model B4	First generation	− 0.004		− 0.004	− 0.008	*	0.000		− 0.011	*	− 0.005	*	− 0.014	**	0.005		− 0.012	**	0.002
Model B4	Migrant descendants	0.000		− 0.002	− 0.001		− 0.003		− 0.001		0.000		0.005		0.000		− 0.008	*	0.003
Observations		10,753			13,722				16,318				19,025				13,138

Source calculations based on GSOEP, wave v37 (1992–2020)
Note °p < 0.1, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. Model B1 controlled for age of the first child (baseline); Model B2 additionally controlled for education, employment prior to first birth; Model B3 additionally controlled for union status, equivalent household income, age at first birth; Model B4 additionally controlled for regional childcare rates