Journal of Population Sciences
Table 10 Expectations to go to university (probit estimates)—first- and second-generation students in upper secondary school with both parents born abroad
Variables | Females | Males | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Coeff. (std. errs.) I | Coeff. (std. errs.) II | Coeff. (std. errs.) III | Coeff. (std. errs.) IV | Coeff. (std. errs.) V | Coeff. (std. errs.) VI | |
North-East | − 0.104 (0.119) | − 0.111 (0.112) | − 0.092 (0.121) | − 0.137 (0.103) | − 0.131 (0.104) | − 0.119 (0.104) |
North-West | − 0.025 (0.123) | − 0.028 (0.124) | − 0.008 (0.125) | − 0.202** (0.104) | − 0.292** (0.104) | − 0.179* (0.106) |
Center | − 0.226* (0.129) | − 0.240* (0.132) | − 0.246* (0.131) | − 0.141 (0.111) | − 0.138 (0.111) | − 0.137 (0.111) |
Isles | 0.067 (0.156) | 0.040 (0.158) | 0.049 (0.160) | 0.067 (0.225) | 0.130 (0.207) | 0.140 (0.207) |
Arrived before 2003a | − 0.199 (0.169) | − 0.183 (0.180) | − 0.184 (0.169) | 0.137 (0.161) | 0.123 (0.162) | 0.105 (0.159) |
Arrived in 2003/2007a | − 0.164 (0.161) | − 0.149 (0.163) | − 0.145 (0.161) | 0.064 (0.148) | 0.051 (0.149) | 0.037 (0.147) |
Arrived in 2008/2014a | − 0.248 (0.162) | − 0.218 (0.335) | − 0.218 (0.163) | 0.263* (0.152) | 0.245* (0.153) | 0.244* (0.151) |
Arrived in 2015a | − 0.134 (0.356) | − 0.141 (0.364) | − 0.124 (0.364) | 0.351 (0.353) | 0.352 (0.349) | 0.348 (0.349) |
School year | 0.262*** (0.042) | 0.260*** (0.042) | 0.253*** (0.042) | 0.206*** (0.037) | 0.208*** (0.038) | 0.205*** (0.037) |
Family wealth | − 0.072 (0.099) | − 0.079 (0.092) | − 0.085 (0.095) | − 0.106 (0.07) | − 0.110* (0.070) | − 0.105 (0.07) |
Working father | 0.136 (0.099) | 0.123 (0.975) | 0.124 (0.098) | − 0.054 (0.103) | − 0.051 (0.103) | − 0.05 (0.103) |
Working mother | − 0.039 (0.096) | − 0.034 (0.094) | − 0.079 (0.098) | 0.092 (0.092) | 0.093 (0.092) | 0.073 (0.095) |
Father’s education | ‘-190*** (0.063) | 0.183*** (0.062) | 0.184*** (0.063) | 0.148** (0.064) | 0.146** (0.063) | 0.156** (0.063) |
Mother’s education | 0.193*** (0.064) | 0.190*** (0.063) | 0.189*** (0.063) | 0.150** (0.057) | 0.150** (0.057) | 0.146** (0.056) |
BigMun | 0.123 (0.094) | 0.143 (0.094) | 0.131 (0.094) | 0.526*** (0.089) | 0.520*** (0.089) | 0.518*** (0.089) |
ENR-90 | − 0.0003 (0.004) | − 0.003 (0.003) | − 0.004 (0.004) | 0.006* (0.004) | 0.008* (0.004) | 0.007* (0.004) |
GDP-90 | 0.03** (0.017) | 0.03*(0.02) | − 0.02 (0.01) | − 0.02* (0.01) | ||
GII-95 | − 0.618*(0.349) | − 0.388 (0.351) | ||||
Marginal effects | ||||||
Father’s education | 0.076*** (0.025) | 0.073*** (0.025) | 0.073** (0.025) | 0.044** (0.019) | 0.043** (0.019) | 0.047** (0.019) |
Mother’s education | 0.077*** (0.025) | 0.076*** (0.025) | 0.075*** (0.025) | 0.044** (0.017) | 0.045** (0.017) | 0.044** (0.017) |
ENR’90 | − 0.0001 (0.001) | − 0.001 (0.001) | − 0.246* (0.139) | 0.002* (0.001) | 0.002* (0.001) | − 0.116 (0.105) |
No. observations | 2737 | 2737 | 2737 | 2485 | 2485 | 2485 |
Wald (no. parameters) | 128.49 (22) | 132.21 (23) | 137.55 (26) | 151.26 (22) | 151.27 (23) | 632.02 (26) |
LL | -18,203.812 | -18,154.384 | -18,112.512 | -15,806.16 | -15,787.789 | -15,769.864 |
Pseudo-R2 | 0.079 | 0.081 | 0.083 | 0.092 | 0.093 | 0.094 |